Oscar

Astronotus ocellatus

A big, intelligent Amazon cichlid that learns its owner and begs for food; it swallows any fish that fits and rearranges the tank.

Key facts

Body length
13.8 in without fins
Minimum tank
168 gallons
Group
Alone is fine
Temperament
Predatory
Care level
4 / 5
Lifespan
10–20 years
Diet
Cichlid pellets, frozen krill and shrimp
Origin
Amazon basin, South America
Among all species
  • Hardier than41%
  • Bigger than94%
  • Calmer than5%

Water: their range vs yours

Temperature72–77°F
pH6–7.5
General hardness5–20 dGH

Oscar tank mates

How we check

The numbers the tank model uses for oscars: water as ideal and tolerated ranges, bioload from adult mass, space, flow and how they act on other species.

Standard length
35 cm (SL)
Adult mass
2855.72 g
Bioload at 25 °C
177.04 BU
Min. water
540 L net
Min. footprint
150 × 60 cm per specimen
Group
1+ (best 2)
Swims in
middle, bottom
Flow
moderate
Body / fins
deep bodied, normal fins
Diet type
omnivore meat
Fin nipper
none
Sensitive to
—

Sources: Seriously Fish: Astronotus ocellatus · FishBase: Astronotus ocellatus

Care notes

Oscars come from South America and grow to about 14 inches. Tiger, red, albino and lemon forms are sold, and they can live 10–20 years.

One adult needs around 125 gallons with a 5 by 2 foot footprint and strong filtration. They dig and uproot everything, so live plants rarely survive, and small fish, shrimp and crayfish become food.

Questions

What size tank does a oscar need?

At least 168 gallons (540 litres of water after decor). Adults reach about 13.8 inches without fins.

How many oscars should be kept together?

One is fine. They do not need company of their own kind.

What water do oscars need?

72–77 °F, pH 6–7.5 and 5–20 dGH. Oscars come from Amazon basin, South America.

How long do oscars live?

10–20 years with good care.

What fish can live with oscars?

Good tank mates include Common pleco, Severum, Kissing gourami, Senegal bichir and Banded archerfish. Each is checked both ways for size, fin nipping, temperament, territory and shared water.