Oscar
Astronotus ocellatus
A big, intelligent Amazon cichlid that learns its owner and begs for food; it swallows any fish that fits and rearranges the tank.
Key facts
- Body length
- 13.8 in without fins
- Minimum tank
- 168 gallons
- Group
- Alone is fine
- Temperament
- Predatory
- Care level
- 4 / 5
- Lifespan
- 10–20 years
- Diet
- Cichlid pellets, frozen krill and shrimp
- Origin
- Amazon basin, South America
- Hardier than41%
- Bigger than94%
- Calmer than5%
Water: their range vs yours
Oscar tank mates
- Common plecoGets along in shared water.Good mates
- SeverumGets along in shared water.Good mates
- Kissing gouramiGets along in shared water.Good mates
- Senegal bichirGets along in shared water.Good mates
- Banded archerfishGets along in shared water.Good mates
- Blood parrot cichlidOscar can eat young or small Blood parrot cichlid; adults are big enough to be safe.Risky
- Blue dolphin cichlidOscar (predatory) will bully the peaceful Blue dolphin cichlid.Risky
- Chinese algae eaterTwo territorial bottom-dwellers: need ≥ 15750 cm² of floor, tank has 5612 cm².Risky
- Clown loachOscar (predatory) will bully the peaceful Clown loach.Risky
- Leopard sailfin plecoOscar (predatory) will bully the peaceful Leopard sailfin pleco.Risky
- Peacock cichlidOscar can eat young or small Malawi butterfly peacock; adults are big enough to be safe.Risky
- Neon tetraOscar can eat Neon tetra: prey body depth 0.7 cm ≤ mouth 12.3 cm.Avoid
- Harlequin rasboraOscar can eat Harlequin rasbora: prey body depth 1.1 cm ≤ mouth 12.3 cm.Avoid
- Fancy guppyOscar can eat Fancy guppy: prey body depth 0.8 cm ≤ mouth 12.3 cm.Avoid
- Panda corydorasOscar can eat Panda corydoras: prey body depth 2.4 cm ≤ mouth 12.3 cm.Avoid
- OtocinclusOscar can eat Otocinclus: prey body depth 0.7 cm ≤ mouth 12.3 cm.Avoid
- Cherry shrimpOscar can eat Cherry shrimp: prey body depth 0.8 cm ≤ mouth 12.3 cm.Avoid
How we check
The numbers the tank model uses for oscars: water as ideal and tolerated ranges, bioload from adult mass, space, flow and how they act on other species.
- Standard length
- 35 cm (SL)
- Adult mass
- 2855.72 g
- Bioload at 25 °C
- 177.04 BU
- Min. water
- 540 L net
- Min. footprint
- 150 × 60 cm per specimen
- Group
- 1+ (best 2)
- Swims in
- middle, bottom
- Flow
- moderate
- Body / fins
- deep bodied, normal fins
- Diet type
- omnivore meat
- Fin nipper
- none
- Sensitive to
- —
Sources: Seriously Fish: Astronotus ocellatus · FishBase: Astronotus ocellatus
Care notes
Oscars come from South America and grow to about 14 inches. Tiger, red, albino and lemon forms are sold, and they can live 10–20 years.
One adult needs around 125 gallons with a 5 by 2 foot footprint and strong filtration. They dig and uproot everything, so live plants rarely survive, and small fish, shrimp and crayfish become food.
Questions
What size tank does a oscar need?
At least 168 gallons (540 litres of water after decor). Adults reach about 13.8 inches without fins.
How many oscars should be kept together?
One is fine. They do not need company of their own kind.
What water do oscars need?
72–77 °F, pH 6–7.5 and 5–20 dGH. Oscars come from Amazon basin, South America.
How long do oscars live?
10–20 years with good care.
What fish can live with oscars?
Good tank mates include Common pleco, Severum, Kissing gourami, Senegal bichir and Banded archerfish. Each is checked both ways for size, fin nipping, temperament, territory and shared water.